IP Data as a Public Resource: CNIPA and the National Data Administration’s New Opinion

2026-08-28 专利

  • On 24 August 2026 the China National Intellectual Property Administration and the National Data Administration jointly issued the Opinion on Strengthening the Development and Utilisation of IP Data Resources, treating IP business data generated by IP authorities as an important national public data resource.
    2026 年 8 月 24 日，国家知识产权局与国家数据局联合印发《关于加强知识产权数据资源开发利用的意见》，将知识产权管理部门履职产生的业务数据界定为国家重要公共数据资源。
  • The Opinion sets out a full-cycle governance framework — data catalogues, classification and grading, security risk assessment, a national IP data resource directory (“one ledger”), data standards and an upgraded national IP big-data centre.
    《意见》部署全生命周期治理框架：数据目录、分类分级、安全风险评估、全国知识产权数据资源目录”一本账”、数据标准体系与国家知识产权大数据中心升级。
  • On supply, it pushes government data sharing and opening, and for the first time proposes orderly licensing-operation (shou quan yun ying) of public IP data, selecting qualified operators to process data into marketable services.
    在供给端，推动知识产权政务数据共享开放，并首次提出安全有序开展知识产权公共数据授权运营，择优遴选运营机构开展市场化深度加工。
  • On application, it builds industry patent-pool databases, standard-essential patent databases and overseas-litigation databases, supports IP pledge financing and securitisation, and embeds IP data into corporate R&D, patent layout, FTO analysis and infringement warning.
    在应用端，构建产业专利池数据库、标准必要专利数据库与海外诉讼案件数据库，支撑知识产权质押融资与证券化，并将知识产权数据嵌入企业研发、专利布局、自由实施分析与侵权预警全过程。
  • Foreign companies benefit in two ways: richer, machine-readable public patent and trademark data lowers the cost of freedom-to-operate and prior-art searches in China, while authorised-operation services will offer professional-grade data products; at the same time, the emphasis on data classification and security means companies should align their own IP data governance.
    外资企业双重受益：更丰富、可机读的公开专利与商标数据降低在华自由实施与现有技术检索成本，授权运营将提供专业级数据产品；同时，数据分类分级与安全要求的强调意味着企业应同步完善自身知识产权数据治理。

IP Data as a Public Resource: CNIPA and the National Data Administration’s New Opinion | 知识产权数据资源开发利用新规：国家知识产权局与国家数据局联合意见解读

Why IP data matters now

Intellectual-property data — patent filings, trademarks, layouts, geographical indications, litigation and licensing records — has long been collected by Chinese IP authorities, but until recently it was largely siloed and under-used. On 24 August 2026 the China National Intellectual Property Administration and the National Data Administration jointly issued the Opinion on Strengthening the Development and Utilisation of IP Data Resources (the “Opinion”), which reclassifies the business data produced by IP authorities as an important national public data resource and sets out a systematic path from raw data to usable factor. The document aligns with two national agendas: the IP power-house strategy under the 2021–2035 outline, and the broader drive, led by the National Data Administration, to make public data a productive input for the digital economy.

Governance, standards and infrastructure

The Opinion’s first pillar is foundational governance. It requires sound full-lifecycle management of IP data, covering collection, storage, processing, sharing and opening; classification and grading with defined use boundaries and security requirements; and data-security risk assessment. A national IP data resource directory will be compiled to create a “one ledger” for the whole system, and provincial authorities must bring local IP data into their public-data resource catalogues. A standards system is to be developed covering basic data, data governance, development and utilisation, and security, aligned with industry standards and technical norms. On infrastructure, the National IP Big Data Centre will be upgraded as the national backbone, with regional data centres and trusted data spaces encouraged, connected into the national data infrastructure so that IP data can flow securely across regions, departments and levels. The Opinion also endorses AI, big data, cloud and blockchain applications, including industry-specific large models and public-service AI agents.

Opening supply through sharing and licensing-operation

The second pillar widens supply. IP government data will be shared proactively across departments, with “one data source for one item” (yi shu yi yuan) discipline, and linked to judicial, sci-tech, financial and market-regulatory data. Public opening is broadened through the national IP public-service platform, lowering the cost of access for all users. The most significant innovation is the proposal to conduct orderly “licensing-operation” of public IP data: selecting qualified operators to process national and local IP data into professional, market-oriented services while maintaining security and supervision. This opens a new channel through which companies can obtain curated, high-quality data products — for example clean patent landscapes or litigation analytics — without building the processing capability themselves.

Applying data across government, services and enterprise

The third pillar deepens application. For government, multi-source data supports industry patent navigation, innovation-capability assessment and the detection of abnormal applications and non-compliant agency conduct; IP data will also be connected with judicial and administrative enforcement data to strengthen coordinated protection. For services, databases for key-industry patent pools, standard-essential patents, geographical indications and overseas litigation will be built, and IP data will underpin pledge financing, securitisation and insurance, plus supply-demand matching for patent commercialisation. For enterprises — the pillar most relevant to foreign companies — IP data is to be embedded in the full R&D-to-protection cycle: tracking technology lifecycles and gaps, parsing existing patents to steer R&D, pre-application evaluation and freedom-to-operate analysis for high-value patent layouts, and patent early-warning and infringement-risk monitoring.

What foreign companies should do

For foreign-invested companies operating or innovating in China, the Opinion has three practical implications. First, search and FTO costs should fall: as patent, trademark and litigation data become more openly available in machine-readable form, freedom-to-operate and prior-art searches can rely on richer official sources, and licensed operators will offer professional data products for a fee. Second, IP-backed financing becomes more feasible: the commitment to data-enabled pledge financing and securitisation strengthens the information base for valuing IP assets in China. Third, alignment: the same classification-grading and security disciplines now applied to public IP data are a useful benchmark for a company’s own IP data governance, especially for R&D documentation, technical-secret management and cross-border data flows of IP-related data. Companies should watch the implementation guidance — including the list of authorised operators and the first tranche of sector databases — expected through the national and provincial IP authorities and data administrations in the coming months.

Sources

知识产权数据资源开发利用新规：国家知识产权局与国家数据局联合意见解读

知识产权数据为何此时受重视

知识产权数据——专利申请、商标、布图设计、地理标志、诉讼与许可记录——长期由我国知识产权主管部门归集，但过去多处于孤岛状态、利用不充分。2026 年 8 月 24 日，国家知识产权局与国家数据局联合印发《关于加强知识产权数据资源开发利用的意见》（下称《意见》），将知识产权管理部门履职产生的业务数据重新界定为国家重要公共数据资源，并给出从原始数据到可用要素的系统路径。文件对接两大国家议程：知识产权强国建设纲要（2021—2035 年）与国家数据局主导的公共数据资源开发利用部署。

治理、标准与基础设施

《意见》第一支柱是基础治理。要求健全知识产权数据全生命周期管理制度，覆盖采集归集、存储加工、共享开放等环节；加强分类分级管理，明确使用边界与安全防护要求；开展数据安全风险评估。编制全国知识产权数据资源目录，形成”一本账”；地方知识产权数据须纳入地方公共数据资源目录体系。建立覆盖基础数据、数据治理、开发利用与数据安全的标准体系，与产业标准、技术规范衔接。基础设施方面，优化国家知识产权大数据中心作为全国中枢，鼓励有条件的地方建设区域数据中心与可信数据空间，接入国家数据基础设施体系，实现跨地区、跨部门、跨层级安全流转。文件还支持人工智能、大数据、云计算、区块链等技术应用，包括行业大模型与公共服务智能体。

以共享与授权运营扩大供给

第二支柱扩大供给。知识产权政务数据将跨部门主动共享，落实”一数一源”，并与司法、科技、金融、市场监管数据互联互通。通过国家知识产权公共服务平台拓宽开放渠道，降低全社会获取门槛。最具创新性的安排是提出安全有序开展知识产权公共数据授权运营：择优遴选运营机构，对国家与地方知识产权公共数据做市场化深度加工，在安全监管下提供专业服务。这为企业在不自建加工能力的情况下获得高质量数据产品（如干净的专利全景或诉讼分析）开辟了新通道。

应用：政府、服务与企业

第三支柱深化应用。政府端，多源数据支撑产业专利导航、创新能力评估与非正常申请、违规代理线索排查；知识产权数据与司法裁判、行政执法数据互通，强化协同保护。服务端，建设重点产业专利池数据库、标准必要专利数据库、地理标志专题数据库与海外诉讼案件数据库；以数据融合支撑知识产权质押融资、证券化与保险，以及专利转化供需匹配。企业端——与外资企业最相关——将知识产权数据嵌入研发、转化、保护全过程：技术生命周期分析、专利动态追踪与空白点研判，关键专利解析以确定研发路径，申请前评估与自由实施分析支撑高价值布局，专利预警与侵权风险监测维护合法权益。

外资企业应做什么

对在华经营或创新的外资企业，《意见》有三重实务意义。第一，检索与自由实施成本应下降：专利、商标与诉讼数据以可机读形式更开放后，FTO 与现有技术检索可依托更丰富的官方来源，授权运营商将提供付费专业数据产品。第二，知识产权融资更可行：数据支撑的质押融资与证券化承诺强化了在华知识产权资产估值的信息基础。第三，对标治理：公开知识产权数据适用的分类分级与安全纪律，可作为企业自身知识产权数据治理（研发文档、技术秘密管理、涉知识产权数据跨境流动）的有益基准。企业应关注后续实施配套——授权运营机构名单与首批行业数据库——预计将由国家和省级知识产权、数据管理部门在未来数月陆续推出。

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