China’s first dedicated livestream e-commerce regulation — SAMR and CAC Order No. 117, published on 18 December 2025 — takes effect on 1 February 2026. 中国首部直播电商领域专门规章——市场监管总局、国家网信办令第117号，2025年12月18日公布——自2026年2月1日起施行。 The Measures divide the industry into four duty-bearers: platform operators, livestream room operators, livestream … China’s Livestream E-commerce Supervision Measures in Force from 1 February 2026: Four Categories of Duty-Bearers, AI Virtual Host Labelling and Traffic-Based EnforcementRead more
市场准入 / Market Entry
China’s Unified Market Access Negative List System and Foreign Investment: The 2025 Edition, Barrier Clean-up, and the Shift from Manufacturing to Services
China’s unified market-access negative list was cut to 106 items in the 2025 edition, down from 117 in 2022, extending the “national single list” model and enforcing the “non-prohibited-is-open” principle.2025年版市场准入负面清单由2022年版117项缩减至106项，全国统一清单模式持续拓宽，”非禁即入”原则刚性落地。 The 2025 version deletes or relaxes measures across seal-engraving, TV-production … China’s Unified Market Access Negative List System and Foreign Investment: The 2025 Edition, Barrier Clean-up, and the Shift from Manufacturing to ServicesRead more
China’s 2026 Services Opening: Telecom, Finance, Healthcare and Education Pilots
Services now account for about 70% of actual utilised foreign capital, making the services sector the main battleground for 2026 opening. 服务业现已占实际使用外资约七成，成为2026年开放的主战场。 Value-added telecom pilots had approved 90-plus foreign-invested firms by end-2025, with foreign equity above the standard 50% cap … China’s 2026 Services Opening: Telecom, Finance, Healthcare and Education PilotsRead more
China’s 2026 Manufacturing Liberalization: Full Market Access for Foreign Investors
Every manufacturing sub-sector is open to foreign investors at 100% ownership in 2026, after the 2024 list removed the last two restrictions. 2026年制造业所有细分领域均向外开开放、可100%持股，2024年版清单删除了最后两项限制。 The 2024 revision deleted the publication-printing Chinese-control rule and the traditional-Chinese-medicine secret-formula production ban. 2024年修订删除了出版物印刷须中方控股的规定，以及中成药保密处方产品生产禁令。 With “access” … China’s 2026 Manufacturing Liberalization: Full Market Access for Foreign InvestorsRead more
China’s 2026 Free Trade Zone Negative List: Pilot Openings and Regional Advantages
The FTZ negative list stands at 27 items in 2026, two fewer than the 29-item national list, giving pilot zones a wider opening. 2026年自贸试验区负面清单为27条，比29条全国版少2条，使试点区域开放更宽。 Free-trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port serve as the “testing ground” where opening measures … China’s 2026 Free Trade Zone Negative List: Pilot Openings and Regional AdvantagesRead more
China’s 2026 Foreign Investment Negative List: Structure, Scope and Market-Entry Implications
China’s nationwide foreign investment negative list stands at 29 items in 2026, its shortest version ever, after manufacturing restrictions were fully removed. 中国2026年全国版外商投资准入负面清单已缩减至29条，为史上最短版本，制造业限制措施已全面取消。 The negative-list-plus-pre-establishment-national-treatment regime remains the default gateway for every foreign investor entering the Chinese market. “准入前国民待遇加负面清单”管理制度仍是每一位进入中国市场的外国投资者的默认准入通道。 All … China’s 2026 Foreign Investment Negative List: Structure, Scope and Market-Entry ImplicationsRead more
2026 Negative List for foreign investment: what changed
As of 2026, the operative negative list is still the 2024 edition (NDRC/MOFCOM Order No. 23, effective 1 November 2024), not a newer “2026 list” — screen your sector against it. 截至 2026 年，现行有效的负面清单仍是 2024 年版（发改委、商务部第 23 号令，2024 年 11 … 2026 Negative List for foreign investment: what changedRead more
China’s FTZ Upgrading Strategy: What the 2026 Provincial Plans Open (2026)
China is implementing the “FTC upgrading strategy”; Hunan published its implementation plan on 4 August 2026 with targets to 2030.中国正实施「自贸试验区提升战略」；湖南于 2026 年 8 月 4 日发布实施方案，目标至 2030 年。 The plans widen market access inside FTZs: foreign-owned vocational training, qualified foreign … China’s FTZ Upgrading Strategy: What the 2026 Provincial Plans Open (2026)Read more
Lingang & free trade zones playbook
China’s FTZs pilot openness before nationwide roll-out; the Lin-gang Special Area (announced 6 Aug 2019, Guofa [2019] No. 15) is explicitly built as a “special economic function zone” with a 119.5 sq km start-up area. 中国自贸区先行试点开放再向全国推广；临港新片区（2019 年 8 月 6 … Lingang & free trade zones playbookRead more
Foreign-Capital Facilitation Inside China’s FTZs in 2026
The 2025 edition of the Catalogue of Encouraged Industries for Foreign Investment added a net 205 encouraged items, focusing on advanced manufacturing, modern services, high-tech and energy conservation. 2025年版《鼓励外商投资产业目录》净增205条鼓励类条目，重点在先进制造、现代服务、高新技术与节能环保。 All manufacturing-sector foreign-investment market-access restrictions have been eliminated, shifting the openness … Foreign-Capital Facilitation Inside China’s FTZs in 2026Read more