A concentration is notifiable to SAMR when the parties’ turnover meets the State Council thresholds; the deal is suspensory and cannot close before clearance.当各方营业额达到国务院标准时，集中须向市场监管总局申报；交易具有暂停效力，获批前不得交割。 The State Council raised the notification thresholds in its 2024 revision, recalibrating the global and China … Merger Control Filing in China: Thresholds, Procedure, and 2026 PracticeRead more
Antitrust and Merger Control in China: The 2026 Framework
China’s competition regime is anchored by the 2022-revised 《反垄断法》 (Anti-Monopoly Law), enforced primarily by SAMR, with merger control, conduct enforcement, and fair-competition review as its three pillars.中国竞争制度以2022年修订的《反垄断法》为基石，主要由市场监管总局执行，其三大支柱为经营者集中、行为监管与公平竞争审查。 Merger control is suspensory: a notifiable concentration must be cleared by SAMR before … Antitrust and Merger Control in China: The 2026 FrameworkRead more
Sector Restrictions After Manufacturing Zeroing: Where Foreign Capital Can (and Cannot) Go in 2026
China’s unified Market Access Negative List (2025 edition) was cut to 106 items, down from 117 in 2022, while the foreign-investment access list stands at 29 national items with manufacturing fully zeroed.中国统一市场准入负面清单（2025版）由2022版117项减至106项，外资准入负面清单全国版保留29项、制造业全面清零。 The 2026 policy emphasis has shifted from manufacturing … Sector Restrictions After Manufacturing Zeroing: Where Foreign Capital Can (and Cannot) Go in 2026Read more
Manufacturing Fully Open to Foreign Investment
As of the 2024 negative list, manufacturing is fully open to foreign investment with no remaining restricted entries.自 2024 年版负面清单起，制造业全面向外资产开放，已无残留受限条目。 Foreign investors may wholly own manufacturing WFOEs in China without an equity cap or prior approval for access.外资可全资持有在华制造外商独资企业，无需股比上限或准入事前审批。 The opening … Manufacturing Fully Open to Foreign InvestmentRead more
Telecom and Finance Opening to Foreign Investment
Most financial sub-sectors are now fully open to foreign ownership after caps were removed in 2020–2021.随着 2020—2021 年股比上限取消，多数金融子行业已全面向外资产开放。 Value-added telecom services have been further opened in designated pilot areas rather than nationwide at once.增值电信业务在指定的试点地区进一步开放，而非一次性全国放开。 Foreign banks, securities, fund-management and insurance … Telecom and Finance Opening to Foreign InvestmentRead more
How China’s Negative List Has Cut Sector Restrictions
China’s foreign-investment negative list has been shortened in every major revision since 2013, with entries falling from over 100 to about 30.中国外资负面清单自 2013 年起历次重大修订持续缩减，条目由百余项降至约 30 项。 The 2024 version deleted the entire manufacturing category, making manufacturing fully open to foreign … How China’s Negative List Has Cut Sector RestrictionsRead more
Sector Restrictions on Foreign Investment in China
Sector restrictions on foreign investment in China are organized through the foreign-investment negative list, not a scattered set of laws.中国对外资的分行业限制通过外资负面清单组织，而非分散于各法律。 The 2024 negative list removed the entire manufacturing category, leaving restrictions concentrated in services and a few sensitive fields.2024 年版负面清单删除了整个制造业类别，限制集中于服务业及少数敏感领域。 … Sector Restrictions on Foreign Investment in ChinaRead more
Industry restrictions by sector: a quick map
At the national level, manufacturing is effectively open, agriculture and mining carry a few hard prohibitions, and services, media, education and healthcare hold most remaining restrictions. 全国层面制造业基本放开；农业与矿业保留少量硬性禁止；服务业、传媒、教育、医疗承载了剩余限制的主要部分。 Agriculture bans investment in rare-Chinese-variety R&D/breeding, transgenic breeding, and fishing in Chinese waters; … Industry restrictions by sector: a quick mapRead more
Foreign Investor Licence and Permit Approval
Incorporation and operating-licence approval are two separate tracks, and foreign investors must budget for both.设立登记与经营许可审批是两条独立轨道，外资投资者须为二者分别预留时间与资源。 Most post-incorporation licences apply equally to domestic and foreign firms and are not foreign-access restrictions.多数设立后许可对内资外资企业一体适用，并非外资准入限制。 The 证照分离 reform moves many licence items to filing or … Foreign Investor Licence and Permit ApprovalRead more
FTZ Fast-Track Admission Channels for Foreign Investment
Free-trade zones operate a shorter foreign-investment negative list than the nationwide list, opening more sectors to foreign capital.自由贸易试验区施行比全国版更短的外资负面清单，向外资开放更多行业。 FTZs pilot “inform-and-commit” (告知承诺制) and one-window admission, compressing the time from application to operation.自贸试验区试点”告知承诺制”与一窗受理，压缩从申请到运营的时间。 Hainan Free Trade Port and the Lingang New … FTZ Fast-Track Admission Channels for Foreign InvestmentRead more